Why Sipp Are Becoming A Popular Investment

It is not often that pensions are described as 'sexy' but SIPPs (self-invested personal pensions)are apparently just that. These DIY pensions that offer a wide range of investment options and the opportunity for investors to manage their own money have soared in popularity since they took off two years ago. That was largely due to the biggest shake-up of the pensions system since Lloyd George introduced the old age pension in 1908.

But while they might be seen by some as the 'Rolls-Royces' of pension savings, others fear they are the next big financial services mis-selling scandal in the making. They are not for everyone. Far from it: in fact many people would be better off with a traditional pension arrangement.

More than a quarter of a million people have taken out a SIPP since 'A-Day' ushered in an era of unprecedented flexibility in pension saving. The new rules, introduced on April 6, 2006, scrapped restrictions on how much savers could stash in their pension fund: from then, people could save up to 100 per cent of annual earnings, subject to a current cap of £235,000.

It became easier to take pension fund benefits, and the reforms also meant that, for the first time, people in company pension schemes could set up their own personal pension arrangements too. And, despite ministers performing a U-turn on allowing residential property to be held in pension funds the most-trumpeted benefit of SIPPs prior to the introduction of the new regulations their take-up has rocketed. SIPP sales rose almost 53 per cent to £1.16 billion in the 2007/08 tax year compared to the preceding 12 months, according to data from Hargreaves Lansdown.

"SIPPs are booming." says Tom McPhail, head of pensions research at the independent financial services provider. "The drivers for growth are manifold: the A-Day rules allow really substantial investment contributions; the development of technology, such as online access to investment fund supermarkets, has boosted the self investment market; and competition has drive SIPP administration costs down". "At the same time, investors have become disenchanted with investment restrictions on other types of pension product and employers are beginning to appreciate that group SIPPs allow staff who have participated in maturing employee share schemes to continue to hold their shares in a tax-efficient environment."

The past year, well-known companies such as Kingfisher (owner of B&Q), GlaxoSmithKline and Stagecoach have added group SIPPs to their benefits packages. The rise in demand shows no signs of abating. SIPPs will become increasingly prevalent as a retirement saving and income product in years to come, according to independent financial research company Defaqto.

Matt Ward, principal consultant for pensions and wealth management and author of its recent report 'SIPPS in the UK 2008 The Personal Pension of the Future' says: "Since their launch in 1990, SIPPs have blossomed from a niche to a mainstream pension proposition and the attention now paid to their importance by numerous financial services institutions in the UK will ensure their market longevity."

Like other pension products, tax relief is given on the way in, meaning it costs basic-rate taxpayers just £8,000 and higher-rate taxpayers £6,000 to invest £10,000 in their SIPP. But SIPPs notably differ from traditional personal pensions in the range of investment options. They can hold investment trusts, venture capital trusts, direct investments in stocks and shares, commercial property, exchange-traded funds, options and traded endowment policies. Come October, they should also be able to hold funds built up from contracting out of the state second pension. But different types of SIPPs offer different levels of investment flexibility.

'Supermarket' SIPPs, the most basic form, typically only allow investment in unit trusts and shares, but are generally low-cost. Hargreaves Lansdown's Vantage SIPP and similar products from Alliance Trust and Killik & Co allow savers to set up and run a SIPP for free, other than fund charges.

A string of insurers also offer SIPPs, largely sold through intermediaries. Herein, however, lies the root of warnings over the potential for SIPP mis-selling. Independent financial advisers (IFAs) attract high levels of commission when consolidating pension arrangements into life office SIPPs. And, last year, the Financial Services Authority warned IFAs against recommending SIPPs which tend to be more expensive than traditional pension products where personal pensions were more appropriate.

SIPPs are fairly unusual among financial products in that the initial and annual management fees are usually a set number of pounds, rather than a percentage of the total fund invested. Initial fees are generally a few hundred pounds, while annual charges come in at an average £500 or so. Investment charges, generally the only charge on traditional pension products, also tend to be higher at around two per cent of the sum invested compared to 1.5 per cent or less on funds held in stakeholder pensions.

"There's a bandwagon effect going on." Malcolm Cuthbert, managing director of financial planning at independent financial services firm Killik & Co, said. "In the same way that people got into the tech boom, they're now getting into SIPPs, and sometimes individuals are going from a life company personal pension to a life company hybrid SIPP, and are paying more for effectively the same investments." Figures from Standard Life, the biggest player in the sector, show that almost 35 per cent of money invested in its SIPP (£2.78 billion out of a total £8.1 billion) was held in its own funds as of end-March.

'Full' SIPPs, meanwhile offered by smaller specialist firms such as James Hay, Pointon York Sipp Solutions, Suffolk Life and AJ Bell, as well as Standard Life give the run of the entire market. These are, again, more expensive than other types of SIPP, but can prove particularly suitable for small business owners. Up to 50 per cent of the value of assets held in the SIPP can be borrowed to buy the property, and rental income is paid gross into the fund.

The same borrowing limits apply to Axa's recent move to allow its SIPP investors to invest in hotel rooms through specialist investment company GuestInvest. Investors can buy a hotel room on a 999-year lease and receive 50 per cent of the income on lettings throughout the year. They will also benefit from any capital appreciation on resale and the investment offers a guaranteed minimum six per cent return for the first year.

This greater flexibility clearly offered by SIPPs also extends to options at retirement: SIPPs allow people to keep their pension invested, while taking 25 per cent as tax-free cash at retirement and drawing an income.