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Dr. D.S. Merchant's Articles in Health
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Clinical Medicine Cases
Case 1:
• 50 year old man presented with generalized weakness, dizziness, lethargy for 10 days. He was also having loose stools for the past 15 days. On examination was pale and thin lean emaciated man. His blood pressure was 70/40 mm of mercury, with pulse of 130 beats / minute. He had bilateral decrease air entry on chest, epigastric tenderness and pedal edema on examination. Neurological exam was non focal. He had some history of undocumented weight loss, but no history of fever. His past history was significant for episodes of loose stools, which would resolve on taking antibiotics
• Hemoglobin: 8 mg/dl Abumin: 1.5
• MCV: 68 Total Bilirubin: 8.1
• WBC: 14 cmm Direct Bilurubin: 5.5
• Platelet: 176 GGT: 304
• SGPT:71
• RBS: 106 AP: 359
• BUN: 15
• Cr.:1 mg/dl ESR: 53
• Na: 126 meq Stool DR: Normal
• K: 4.6 meq Calcium: 7.3
• Cl: 111 Phos:1.6
• HCO: 18
Schizophrenia and Social Support
Looking at my patient scenario I feel she had multiple factors which led her to mental illness these were; poverty, lack of parental attention in childhood and teenage, unavailability of supportive person, loss of husband, suppression of own feelings due to role transition, and social stigma.
Female Circumcision
In this scenario it is talking about very scaring traditional practice which involves cutting of female genitalia by knives, razor blades, or by piece of glass. The purpose of this practice is to maintain female virginity and to restrain women from sexual acts before marriages. This practice is known as Female Circumcision (FC) or Female Genital Mutilation (FMG). There are three types of female circumcision: in type one (prepuce) the clitoris is cut off; in type two, clitoris and labia minora (inner covering of the vagina) are cut off; and in type three clitoris and labia minora are cut and labia majora (outer covering of the vagina) is stretched and stitched together, this type is called infibulation. In infibulation a small opening is left for the urination and menstruation. This tradition appeared 2000 years ago and it is still practice in Middle East countries, Malaysia, Indonesia, and in some Muslim population of India, Pakistan and East Africa. According to Dorkenoo (as cited in Gibeau, 1998).
Management of Pre Eclampsia
In women with severe preeclampsia remote from term, the decision to continue pregnancy beyond that interval required for the administration of corticosteroids depends upon daily maternal and fetal assessment with continual review of the ongoing risks of conservative management versus the benefit of further fetal maturation. Such women should be cared for in a hospitalized setting and by, or in consultation with, a maternal-fetal medicine specialist.
Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy
Preeclampsia superimposed upon chronic hypertension Superimposed preeclampsia is diagnosed when a woman with preexisting hypertension develops new onset proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation. Women with both preexisting hypertension and proteinuria are considered preeclamptic if there is an exacerbation of blood pressure to the severe range (systolic 160 mmHg or diastolic 110 mmHg) in the last half of pregnancy, especially if accompanied by symptoms or increased liver enzymes or thrombocytopenia.
Aortic Regurgitation Causes
The typical diastolic murmur of AR has a decrescendo shape. A high frequency early diastolic murmur often occurs in mild AR, whereas a rough holodiastolic or decrescendo diastolic murmur occurs more commonly in severe AR. The volume and velocity of blood across the incompetent aortic valve tapers off in mild to last diastole as the aortic and LV pressures equilibrate. The diastolic murmur of AR is usually best heard adjacent to the sternum in the second to fourth left intercostals space. A concomitant systolic ejection murmur is common in moderate to severe.
Tuberculosis (TB) Part II
Sign of extrapulmonary TB differ depending on the tissues involved. Signs
may include confusion, coma, neurologic deficit, chorioretinitis,
lymphadenopathy and cutaneous lesions (as described above).
Pulmonary Sarcoidosis Vs Tuberculosis
Sarcoidosis with a prevalence of 10/100,000, is a multisystem disease of unknown etiology characterized by non-caseating granulomas.i It involves virtually any organ, lungs, thoracic lymph nodes, skin liver, central nervous system, eyes, kidneys and heart, and is more common in Afro-Americans.
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